Development of the eye in vertebrates

Videonummer 11937611
Development of the eye in vertebrates. Animation showing the mechanism by which the eye develops in vertebrate embryos. The process is an example of what is called reciprocal induction, where different processes interact and induce each other, producing a highly differentiated and complex organ. The animation starts by showing the embryonic head and notochord (blue, the precursor of the spinal cord) with neural folds and the neural plate (top). The fold then develops into the neural groove, which closes up to form the neural tube and the brain cavity. The first step towards the eyes is the formation of optic vesicles on either side of the forebrain (left and right). Progressively, the surface ectoderm thickens to form the lens placode (a precursor to the lens). This transformation is triggered by the proximity of the optic vesicle, hence it being an typical example of induction. The lens placode induces the expanding optic vesicle to invaginate to form a cup-shaped structure. As this structure forms, it has two distinct layers. The inner layer of the optic cup will eventually form the retinal tunic, including its light-sensitive elements. The outer layer of the optic cup will form the pigment epithelium layer, which lies outside the sensitive portion. Meanwhile, the surface ectoderm of the lens placode has thickened and is beginning to differentiate into two distinct areas. The first is the lens vesicle, and invagination of the surface placode that will separate and form the lens proper. As the lens rudiment detaches and drops into position, a space forms external to it that will become the anterior chamber of the mature eye. The optic stalk is also shown in this animation, as is the formation of the cornea. For this animation with labels, see K004/3318.
Lizenzart: Lizenzpflichtig
Credit: Science Photo Library / Biocosmos / Francis Leroy & Chris Lippens
Modell-Rechte: nicht erforderlich
Länge: 56 Sekunden
Seitenverhältnis: 16:9
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