Urea cycle, animation. The urea cycle produces urea from ammonia, a toxic by-product of many biological processes. Urea is able to be safely excreted via the kidneys as urine. In the mitochondrial matrix of liver cells a carbamoyl group is transferred to ornithine (bottom left of cycle) by the enzyme ornithine transcarbamoylase to form citrulline (top left of cycle). In the cell cytosol argininosuccinate synthetase catalyses the condensation of citrulline and aspartate to form argininosuccinate (top right of cycle). This is then cleaved by argininosuccinase to arginine (bottome right of cycle) and fumarate. Arginine is hydrolysed to urea (bottom) and ornithine by arginase and the cycle is able to start over. | |
Lizenzart: | Lizenzpflichtig |
Credit: | Science Photo Library / Biocosmos / Francis Leroy & Sempot Amaury |
Modell-Rechte: | nicht erforderlich |
Länge: | 14 Sekunden |
Seitenverhältnis: | 16:9 |
Restrictions: | - |