Ginkgo biloba by Louis Claude Marie Richard (1754-1821) a French botanist and botanical illustrator. Ginkgo is a genus of highly unusual non-flowering plants. The order to which it belongs, Ginkgoales, first appeared in the Permian, 270 million years ago, possibly derived from seed ferns of the order Peltaspermales. The rate of evolution within the genus has been slow, and almost all its species had become extinct by the end of the Pliocene, the exception is the sole living species, Ginkgo biloba, which is only found in the wild in China, but is cultivated across the world. The relationships between ginkgos and other groups of plants are not fully resolved. The nut-like gametophytes inside the seeds are particularly esteemed in Asia, and are a traditional Chinese food. Ginkgo nuts are used in congee, and are often served at special occasions such as weddings and the Chinese New Year. |