New Horizons spacecraft at Pluto, illustration. New Horizons launched from Earth on 19 January 2006 and took nine years to reach Pluto, arriving mid-2015. Pluto (left), some 6 billion kilometres from the Sun (upper right), had never before been visited by a spacecraft from Earth. It is a small rocky, icy world with a thin atmosphere and a moon called Charon. The spacecraft used cameras and scientific equipment to gather data, sending it back to Earth with its large (2.1-metre) dish antenna. The scientific instruments include visible and infrared cameras, an ultraviolet imaging spectrometer, two spectrometers, a radio occultation experiment, and an interplanetary dust counter. New Horizons then continued onwards, travelling beyond Pluto to study other objects in the Kuiper Belt. |