Sir Joseph Swan (1828-1914),British inventor. Swan,born near Sunderland,started out as a pharmacist's apprentice before becoming a partner in a firm of chemists. In 1860,Swan developed a primitive electric light bulb using a filament of carbonised paper. As vacuum techniques improved,Swan was able to produce a usable light bulb (1880),but he failed to take out a patent,allowing Thomas Edison to obtain the British patent. Swan improved photography techniques by inventing a dry photographic process (1871) and bromide paper (1879). He also developed a method of squeezing nitro-cellulose through holes to form fibres,which was used by the textile industry | |
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