John Harrison (1693-1776),British inventor. With so many ships being lost due to navigational errors,the British Government in 1713 put up a prize of 20,000 pounds for the first person to accurately calculate longitude aboard a ship. Harrison decided to build a chronometer that could work on a moving ship and allow measurement of time differences,and hence longitude,around the world. He introduced a number of innovations,including bimetallic strips to allow for temperature differences,meaning that his last chronometer,no bigger than a large watch,was more accurate at sea than any other clock was on land. Published in a book in 1849 |