Sir George Cayley (1773-1857),British engineer,aviation pioneer,and 6th Baronet of Brompton (from 1792). Cayley spent most of his life on the study of flight,carrying out his own experiments. In around 1808,he built and flew a large unmanned glider,thought to be the first heavier-than-air machine ever flown. He built and tested several designs,including a flapping-wing ornithopter,biplanes,and triplanes. He realised that stability and control were derived from the horizontal and vertical surfaces of an aircraft's tail,and that a lightweight propeller could be used to power an aircraft. In 1853,his coachman flew across a valley,in what was the first manned glider flight |