Sir William Crookes. Portrait of English physicist Sir William Crookes (1832-1919),discoverer of the element Thallium. Crookes is best known for his invention of the radiometer,a device consisting of a set of pivoted vanes in a vacuum. One side of each vane is blackened,the other shiny,and in the presence of sunlight the vanes turn steadily. Although never more than a toy,Crookes' radio- meter did provide evidence for the kinetic theory of gases. Crookes developed methods for producing better vacuums,worked on radioactivity,and also studied cathode rays,showing that they were deflected by a magnet. He was the first to realise that they were beams of charged particles | |
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