The effects of acid rain on stone. Rainfall is made acid by sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide which mix with atmospheric moisture. Nitrogen oxide comes from car exhausts; sulphur dioxide is emitted by fossil-fueled power stations and heavy industry,often from tall chimneys built to reduce local pollution. Normal rain has a pH of 5.6; in parts of Europe and North America the average pH is now 4 to 4.5. This acidity attacks carbonate- bearing stone such as limestone and sandstone,converting the calcium carbonate to calcium sulphate. The gypsum so formed is dissolved by rainwater,causing pitting and corrosion. This stone lion is outside Leeds Town Hall,England | |
Lizenzart: | Lizenzpflichtig |
Credit: | Science Photo Library / Hart-Davis, Adam |
Bildgröße: | 2480 px × 3884 px |
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Eigentums-Rechte: | nicht erforderlich |
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